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Mago was a Carthaginian writer, author of an agricultural manual in Punic which was a record of the farming knowledge of Carthage. The Punic text has been lost, but some fragments of Greek and Latin translations survive. Mago's long work (it was divided into 28 books) was partly based on earlier Greek agricultural writings but no doubt incorporated local Berber and Punic traditional practices, Carthage being a Phoenician colony. It began with general advice which is thus summarized by Columella: After Rome's destruction of Carthage in 146 BC, the Carthaginian libraries were given to the kings of Numidia. Uniquely, Mago's book was retrieved and brought to Rome. It was adapted into Greek by Cassius Dionysius and translated in full into Latin by Decimus Junius Silanus, the latter at the expense of the Roman Senate.〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'' 18.22 (), cf. 1.18; Cicero, ''De Oratore'' 1.249; Varro, ''De Re Rustica'' 1.1.10; Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 1.1.13, 12.4.2.〕 The Greek translation was later abridged by Diophanes of Nicaea, whose version was divided into six books.〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 1.1.10.〕 Extracts from these translations survive in quotations by Roman writers on agriculture, including Varro, Columella, Pliny the Elder and Gargilius Martialis. This is a partial list of surviving fragments: *If buying a farm, sell your town house (see quotation above).〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'' 18.35; Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 1.1.18.〕 *The most productive vineyards face north.〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 3.12.5.〕 *How to plant vines.〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'' 17.80, 128; Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 3.15.3-5 and 5.5.4, cf. Virgil, ''Georgics'' 2.348-353.〕 *How to prune vines.〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 4.10.1.〕 *How to plant olives.〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'' 17.93; Columella, ''De Arboribus'' 4.10.1.〕 *How to plant fruit trees.〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'' 17.63-64, 131.〕 *How to harvest marsh plants.〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'' 21.110-112.〕 *Preparing various grains and pulses for grinding.〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'' 18.97-98.〕 *How to select bullocks.〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 6.1.3.〕 *Notes on the health of cattle.〔Varro, ''De Re Rustica'' 2.5.18.〕 *Mules sometimes foal in Africa. Mules and mares foal in the twelfth month after conception.〔Varro, ''De Re Rustica'' 2.1.27; Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 6.37.3.〕 *Notes on farmyard animals.〔Varro, ''De Re Rustica'' 3.2.13.〕 *Getting bees from the carcass of a bullock or ox.〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 9.14.6.〕 *The beekeeper should not kill drones.〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 9.15.3.〕 *How to preserve pomegranates.〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 12.46.5.〕 *How to make the best ''passum'' (raisin wine).〔Columella, ''De Agricultura'' 12.39.1.〕 ==See also== *Phoenicians and wine 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mago (agricultural writer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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